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李國英:推動新階段水利高質量發展 全面提升國家水安全保障能力

3月(yue)22日(ri)是(shi)第三十(shi)屆(jie)“世界(jie)(jie)水(shui)日(ri)”,第三十(shi)五屆(jie)“中國(guo)水(shui)周”的(de)宣(xuan)傳活(huo)(huo)動也同時開啟。聯合國(guo)確定今(jin)年“世界(jie)(jie)水(shui)日(ri)”的(de)主(zhu)題是(shi)“珍(zhen)惜地下水(shui),珍(zhen)視隱藏的(de)資源(yuan)”,我國(guo)紀念今(jin)年“世界(jie)(jie)水(shui)日(ri)”“中國(guo)水(shui)周”活(huo)(huo)動的(de)主(zhu)題是(shi)“推進地下水(shui)超采綜合治理 復蘇河湖生態環境”。

水(shui)(shui)是萬物之(zhi)母、生(sheng)存之(zhi)本、文明之(zhi)源(yuan)。水(shui)(shui)利事(shi)關(guan)戰略全(quan)局(ju)、事(shi)關(guan)長遠(yuan)發(fa)展(zhan)、事(shi)關(guan)人民(min)福祉(zhi)。黨的(de)十八大(da)以(yi)來(lai),習(xi)近平總書記深刻洞察我(wo)國國情(qing)水(shui)(shui)情(qing),從(cong)實(shi)現(xian)中華(hua)民(min)族永(yong)續發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)戰略高度(du),提出(chu)“節(jie)水(shui)(shui)優先、空間均衡、系(xi)(xi)統治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理、兩手發(fa)力”的(de)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)水(shui)(shui)思路,確立起國家的(de)“江(jiang)河戰略”,部署推動(dong)南(nan)水(shui)(shui)北調后續工(gong)(gong)程高質量發(fa)展(zhan)等重(zhong)大(da)水(shui)(shui)利工(gong)(gong)程建(jian)(jian)設(she),為(wei)新(xin)時代治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)水(shui)(shui)提供了強大(da)思想(xiang)武器(qi)和科學行(xing)動(dong)指南(nan)。以(yi)習(xi)近平同(tong)志為(wei)核心的(de)黨中央統籌推進(jin)(jin)水(shui)(shui)災害防治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、水(shui)(shui)資(zi)源(yuan)節(jie)約、水(shui)(shui)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)保(bao)(bao)護修復(fu)、水(shui)(shui)環境治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理,開展(zhan)一系(xi)(xi)列根本性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、開創性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、長遠(yuan)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)工(gong)(gong)作,書寫(xie)了中華(hua)民(min)族治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)水(shui)(shui)安邦、興水(shui)(shui)利民(min)的(de)新(xin)篇章(zhang)。在地(di)(di)(di)下水(shui)(shui)保(bao)(bao)護治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理和河湖(hu)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)保(bao)(bao)護方面(mian),通過(guo)實(shi)施國家節(jie)水(shui)(shui)行(xing)動(dong)、強化水(shui)(shui)資(zi)源(yuan)剛(gang)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)約束、全(quan)面(mian)建(jian)(jian)立河湖(hu)長制(zhi)、推進(jin)(jin)實(shi)施一批跨流(liu)(liu)域(yu)跨區(qu)域(yu)重(zhong)大(da)引調水(shui)(shui)工(gong)(gong)程,我(wo)國水(shui)(shui)資(zi)源(yuan)利用方式實(shi)現(xian)深層次變革,水(shui)(shui)資(zi)源(yuan)配置格局(ju)實(shi)現(xian)全(quan)局(ju)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)優化,江(jiang)河湖(hu)泊面(mian)貌實(shi)現(xian)歷史性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)改善。華(hua)北地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)地(di)(di)(di)下水(shui)(shui)超(chao)采綜合(he)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理取(qu)得明顯(xian)成(cheng)效,2021年底京津冀治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理區(qu)淺(qian)層地(di)(di)(di)下水(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)位較2018年同(tong)期(qi)總體上升1.89米(mi),深層地(di)(di)(di)下水(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)位平均回升4.65米(mi),永(yong)定河實(shi)現(xian)26年來(lai)首次全(quan)線通水(shui)(shui),白洋淀生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)水(shui)(shui)位保(bao)(bao)證率達到(dao)100%,潮白河、滹沱河等多條河流(liu)(liu)全(quan)線貫(guan)通。越來(lai)越多的(de)河流(liu)(liu)恢復(fu)“生(sheng)命”,越來(lai)越多的(de)流(liu)(liu)域(yu)重(zhong)現(xian)生(sheng)機,越來(lai)越多的(de)河湖(hu)成(cheng)為(wei)造福人民(min)的(de)幸福河湖(hu)。

水(shui)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)是(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)存(cun)的基(ji)礎性問(wen)題(ti),河(he)川之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)危(wei)、水(shui)源(yuan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)危(wei)是(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)存(cun)環境之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)危(wei)、民族存(cun)續之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)危(wei),要(yao)重視解(jie)決(jue)好水(shui)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)問(wen)題(ti)。受特殊自然地(di)理(li)氣候條(tiao)件(jian)和(he)(he)經(jing)濟社會(hui)發(fa)展條(tiao)件(jian)制約,加之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流域和(he)(he)區域水(shui)資源(yuan)情勢動態(tai)演變,我國(guo)水(shui)資源(yuan)水(shui)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)水(shui)環境承載能(neng)力(li)仍面(mian)臨制約,解(jie)決(jue)河(he)湖生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環境問(wen)題(ti)仍須付出艱苦(ku)努力(li),水(shui)旱(han)災(zai)(zai)害風險隱(yin)患仍是(shi)必須全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)力(li)應對(dui)的嚴(yan)峻(jun)挑戰(zhan)。我們(men)要(yao)深入(ru)落(luo)實習近平總(zong)書記“節水(shui)優先(xian)、空間均衡、系(xi)統治(zhi)理(li)、兩手發(fa)力(li)”治(zhi)水(shui)思路和(he)(he)關于(yu)治(zhi)水(shui)重要(yao)講(jiang)話指(zhi)示(shi)批示(shi)精神,完整、準確(que)、全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)面(mian)貫(guan)徹新(xin)發(fa)展理(li)念,統籌發(fa)展和(he)(he)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan),推動新(xin)階段水(shui)利(li)高質(zhi)量發(fa)展,著力(li)提升水(shui)旱(han)災(zai)(zai)害防御能(neng)力(li)、水(shui)資源(yuan)集約節約利(li)用能(neng)力(li)、水(shui)資源(yuan)優化配置能(neng)力(li)、大(da)江大(da)河(he)大(da)湖生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)保護治(zhi)理(li)能(neng)力(li),為全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)面(mian)建(jian)設社會(hui)主義現代化國(guo)家提供有力(li)的水(shui)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)保障(zhang)。

一是完善流域防(fang)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)工程體系。堅(jian)持(chi)人民至上、生命至上,深入落(luo)實(shi)(shi)“兩個(ge)堅(jian)持(chi)、三個(ge)轉變”防(fang)災(zai)減災(zai)救(jiu)災(zai)理念,補好災(zai)害預警監(jian)測短板(ban),補好防(fang)災(zai)基礎設施短板(ban),全面構建抵御水旱災(zai)害防(fang)線。以(yi)流域為單元,構建主(zhu)要(yao)由河(he)道(dao)及堤防(fang)、水庫(ku)、蓄滯(zhi)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)區(qu)組(zu)成的現代化防(fang)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)工程體系,提高標準、優(you)化布(bu)局,全面提升防(fang)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)減災(zai)能(neng)力。加(jia)快江(jiang)河(he)控(kong)制性(xing)工程建設,加(jia)快病險(xian)水庫(ku)除(chu)險(xian)加(jia)固,提高洪(hong)(hong)(hong)水調蓄能(neng)力。實(shi)(shi)施大江(jiang)大河(he)大湖干流堤防(fang)建設和(he)河(he)道(dao)整治(zhi),加(jia)強主(zhu)要(yao)支流和(he)中小河(he)流治(zhi)理,嚴格(ge)河(he)湖行洪(hong)(hong)(hong)空間管控(kong),提高河(he)道(dao)泄(xie)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)能(neng)力。加(jia)快蓄滯(zhi)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)區(qu)布(bu)局優(you)化調整,實(shi)(shi)施蓄滯(zhi)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)區(qu)安全建設,確保關鍵時刻能(neng)夠發揮關鍵作用(yong)。

二是(shi)實施(shi)國家水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)網重(zhong)大(da)(da)工(gong)(gong)程。堅持(chi)全(quan)國一(yi)盤棋(qi),科學謀劃國家水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)網總(zong)體布(bu)局,遵循確有(you)需要、生(sheng)態安(an)全(quan)、可以(yi)持(chi)續的重(zhong)大(da)(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)利工(gong)(gong)程論(lun)證原則,以(yi)自(zi)然河湖水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)系(xi)、重(zhong)大(da)(da)引調(diao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)工(gong)(gong)程和骨(gu)干輸配水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)通(tong)道為(wei)綱,以(yi)區域河湖水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)系(xi)連通(tong)工(gong)(gong)程和供(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)渠道為(wei)目,以(yi)具有(you)控制(zhi)性功能(neng)的水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)資源調(diao)蓄工(gong)(gong)程為(wei)結(jie),加快構(gou)建(jian)“系(xi)統(tong)完備、安(an)全(quan)可靠,集(ji)約高效、綠色智能(neng),循環通(tong)暢、調(diao)控有(you)序”的國家水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)網,協同推進(jin)省級(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)網建(jian)設(she)(she),全(quan)面(mian)增強(qiang)我(wo)國水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)資源統(tong)籌調(diao)配能(neng)力、供(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)保障(zhang)能(neng)力、戰略儲備能(neng)力。因地制(zhi)宜完善(shan)農村供(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)工(gong)(gong)程網絡,加強(qiang)現代化(hua)灌區建(jian)設(she)(she),打通(tong)國家水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)網“最(zui)后一(yi)公里”。

三是復(fu)蘇河(he)(he)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)。以提升水(shui)生(sheng)態(tai)系統質量和穩(wen)定性為核心(xin),樹立尊重自(zi)(zi)然(ran)、順應(ying)自(zi)(zi)然(ran)、保(bao)護自(zi)(zi)然(ran)的生(sheng)態(tai)文明理(li)念,堅持(chi)山(shan)水(shui)林(lin)田湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)草沙一體化保(bao)護和系統治(zhi)理(li),加強河(he)(he)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)生(sheng)態(tai)治(zhi)理(li)修復(fu),實施(shi)河(he)(he)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)水(shui)系綜合整治(zhi),開展(zhan)母(mu)親河(he)(he)復(fu)蘇行動,實施(shi)“一河(he)(he)一策”“一湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)一策”,維護河(he)(he)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)健康生(sheng)命,實現(xian)河(he)(he)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)功(gong)能永續利用。深(shen)入(ru)推進地(di)下(xia)水(shui)超采(cai)(cai)治(zhi)理(li),開展(zhan)新一輪華北(bei)地(di)區地(di)下(xia)水(shui)超采(cai)(cai)綜合治(zhi)理(li),持(chi)之以恒(heng)加快京津(jin)冀地(di)區河(he)(he)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)復(fu)蘇。科學(xue)配置(zhi)工程措(cuo)施(shi)、植物措(cuo)施(shi)、耕(geng)作措(cuo)施(shi),扎實推進水(shui)土流失綜合治(zhi)理(li),提升水(shui)源(yuan)涵養能力。

四是推進智(zhi)慧(hui)(hui)水(shui)利(li)(li)(li)建設(she)。按照“需求牽引、應(ying)用至(zhi)上、數(shu)(shu)字(zi)賦能、提升能力”要(yao)求,以(yi)數(shu)(shu)字(zi)化(hua)、網絡化(hua)、智(zhi)能化(hua)為主線,全(quan)面推進算(suan)據、算(suan)法、算(suan)力建設(she),加(jia)快(kuai)建設(she)數(shu)(shu)字(zi)孿生(sheng)流(liu)(liu)域、數(shu)(shu)字(zi)孿生(sheng)水(shui)利(li)(li)(li)工程(cheng)。針(zhen)對物(wu)理流(liu)(liu)域全(quan)要(yao)素和(he)水(shui)利(li)(li)(li)治理管理全(quan)過程(cheng),構建天(tian)、空、地(di)一(yi)體(ti)化(hua)水(shui)利(li)(li)(li)感知網和(he)數(shu)(shu)字(zi)化(hua)場(chang)景,實現數(shu)(shu)字(zi)孿生(sheng)流(liu)(liu)域多維度、多時空尺度的(de)智(zhi)慧(hui)(hui)化(hua)模擬,建設(she)具有(you)預(yu)報、預(yu)警、預(yu)演、預(yu)案功能的(de)智(zhi)慧(hui)(hui)水(shui)利(li)(li)(li)體(ti)系,支撐科(ke)學化(hua)精準(zhun)化(hua)決(jue)策,實現水(shui)安(an)全(quan)風險(xian)從被動(dong)(dong)應(ying)對向主動(dong)(dong)防(fang)控(kong)轉變(bian)。

五是建立健(jian)全(quan)節(jie)(jie)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)制(zhi)度政策。堅持(chi)節(jie)(jie)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)優先、量(liang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)而行,全(quan)面貫徹“四(si)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)四(si)定”原則,推進水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)總量(liang)管(guan)(guan)理(li)、科學(xue)配(pei)置、全(quan)面節(jie)(jie)約(yue)(yue)、循(xun)環利(li)用(yong),從嚴從細(xi)管(guan)(guan)好水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan),精打細(xi)算用(yong)好水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)。強(qiang)化(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)剛性約(yue)(yue)束,嚴控水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)開發(fa)利(li)用(yong)總量(liang),嚴格(ge)節(jie)(jie)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)指標(biao)管(guan)(guan)理(li),嚴格(ge)生態流量(liang)監管(guan)(guan)和地下水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)雙控,嚴格(ge)規劃和建設(she)項目水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)論證(zheng)、節(jie)(jie)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)評價。健(jian)全(quan)初始水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)權(quan)分配(pei)和用(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)權(quan)交易制(zhi)度,推進用(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)權(quan)市場化(hua)交易,創新完(wan)善用(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)價格(ge)形成機制(zhi),深(shen)入(ru)(ru)推進水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)稅改革(ge),建立健(jian)全(quan)節(jie)(jie)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)制(zhi)度政策。深(shen)入(ru)(ru)實施國家(jia)節(jie)(jie)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)行動(dong),強(qiang)化(hua)節(jie)(jie)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)定額管(guan)(guan)理(li)、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)效標(biao)準(zhun)監管(guan)(guan),推進合同節(jie)(jie)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)管(guan)(guan)理(li)和節(jie)(jie)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)認證(zheng)工(gong)作,深(shen)化(hua)農業(ye)節(jie)(jie)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)增效、工(gong)業(ye)節(jie)(jie)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)減排、城鎮節(jie)(jie)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)降損(sun),建設(she)節(jie)(jie)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)型(xing)社會,全(quan)面提(ti)升(sheng)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)集約(yue)(yue)節(jie)(jie)約(yue)(yue)安全(quan)利(li)用(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平。

六是(shi)強(qiang)化(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)利體(ti)(ti)制(zhi)(zhi)機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)治(zhi)管理(li)(li)(li)。強(qiang)化(hua)(hua)河(he)(he)湖(hu)長制(zhi)(zhi),壓(ya)緊壓(ya)實各級(ji)河(he)(he)湖(hu)長責任,持續清(qing)理(li)(li)(li)整治(zhi)河(he)(he)湖(hu)突出問(wen)題,保(bao)障河(he)(he)道行洪通暢,維(wei)護(hu)河(he)(he)湖(hu)生態(tai)(tai)空間完整。堅持流(liu)(liu)域(yu)(yu)系(xi)統觀念,強(qiang)化(hua)(hua)流(liu)(liu)域(yu)(yu)統一(yi)(yi)規劃、統一(yi)(yi)治(zhi)理(li)(li)(li)、統一(yi)(yi)調度、統一(yi)(yi)管理(li)(li)(li)。完善(shan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)法(fa)規體(ti)(ti)系(xi),建立水(shui)(shui)(shui)行政(zheng)執(zhi)法(fa)跨(kua)區(qu)域(yu)(yu)聯(lian)動、跨(kua)部門聯(lian)合機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi),強(qiang)化(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)行政(zheng)執(zhi)法(fa)與(yu)刑事司法(fa)銜接、與(yu)檢(jian)察公益(yi)訴(su)訟協(xie)同(tong),依法(fa)推進大江大河(he)(he)大湖(hu)保(bao)護(hu)治(zhi)理(li)(li)(li)。堅持政(zheng)府(fu)作用和(he)市(shi)場(chang)機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)協(xie)同(tong)發力,深入推進多元化(hua)(hua)水(shui)(shui)(shui)利投融資(zi)、水(shui)(shui)(shui)生態(tai)(tai)產品(pin)價值實現(xian)機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)、水(shui)(shui)(shui)流(liu)(liu)生態(tai)(tai)保(bao)護(hu)補償機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)等重點領域(yu)(yu)和(he)關鍵(jian)環(huan)節改革,加(jia)快破解制(zhi)(zhi)約水(shui)(shui)(shui)利發展的(de)(de)體(ti)(ti)制(zhi)(zhi)機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)障礙,完善(shan)適應高質量發展的(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)治(zhi)理(li)(li)(li)體(ti)(ti)制(zhi)(zhi)機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)治(zhi)體(ti)(ti)系(xi),為全面建設(she)社會主義(yi)現(xian)代化(hua)(hua)國家提供有(you)力的(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)安全保(bao)障。


文章分類: 行業資訊
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